Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences
Official Journal of the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah

GC-Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomic Profiling of Three Different Propolis Extracts

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Rosa Mohammed Hasan 1
Duaa Namaa Safah AL-ardhi 2
Ali M. Ghazi 3

1 university of Al-Qadisiyiah/ College of vet. medicine

2 College of Veterinary medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.

3 University of Al-Qadisiyah

https://doi.org/10.29079/qjvms.2025.155851.1053
Abstract
Propolis is a natural substance rich in medically active chemical compounds. The presence of these compounds depends on a variety of factors, including the method of extraction and the solvent used for the extraction process. The current work aimed to investigate the effect of extracting propolis using different solvents on its chemical composition. The propolis extraction ratio were 34.53, 43.4 and 38.68% for watery, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate propolis extract respectively. 
      The chemical composition of three extracts was analyzed using GC-Mass analysis which identified 16, 26, and 24 chemical components in watery, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. The chemical composition of three extracts was varied greatly but all extracts were rich in phenolic compounds. 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone and 2-isopropenyl dihydrofuran were predominant in the watery extract whereas 1-methylethyl)-8-oxo-1,2-dihydrofurano, Malonic acid, 6-heptynyl, and 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 2-1-buten were predominant in ethanolic extract. 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one-7-methoxy, 9-Tetradecynoicacid, methyl ester, and 9-Octadecenoic acid were predominant in the ethyl acetate extract

Keywords

Key words: Propolis
Extraction
GS-Mass
Metabolomic
Crossmark
Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences
Volume 24, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 9-15

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