Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Department of Internal and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
Feline otitis externa is a common infection in small animals and the treatment can be challenging especially when the bacteria is multidrug resistant such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this reason, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of pseudomonas aeruginosa as a causative agent for feline otitis externa. The PCR assay was applied for the detection of P. aeruginosa from eight feline otitis externa cases based on the amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. In addition, the diagnosis depended on sequencing of the PCR products, and gene analysis was done to matched the global isolates. Present study revealed isolation of P. aeruginosa from all collected samples, and sequencing of this gene showed 99% compatibility with global results. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of infection in feline otitis externa and the detection of this bacteria using PCR and sequence was accurate and gave a satisfactory result.
Keywords
- Rosser EJ. Causes of otitis externa. Vet Clin Small Anim Pract. 2004;34(2):459-468.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2003.10.006
- Baxter M, Lawler DC. The incidence and microbiology of otitis externa of dogs and cats in New Zealand. N Z Vet J. 1972;20(3):29-32.https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1972.33996
- Kennis RA. Feline otitis: diagnosis and treatment. Vet Clin Small Anim Pract. 2013;43(1):51-56.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.09.009
- Dégi J, Moțco OA, Dégi DM, Suici T, Mareș M, Imre K, Cristina RT. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa canine isolates from a multicentric study in Romania. Antibiotics. 2021;10(7):846.https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070846
- Ybarra WL, Sykes JE, Wang Y, Byrne BA, Westropp JL. Performance of a veterinary urine dipstick paddle system for diagnosis and identification of urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014;244(7):814-819.https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.244.7.814
- Nocera FP, Ambrosio M, Fiorito F, Cortese L, De Martino L. On Gram-positive-and Gram-negative-bacteria-associated canine and feline skin infections: A 4-year retrospective study of the University Veterinary Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory of Naples, Italy. Animals. 2021;11(6):1603.https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061603
- Griffin CE. Classifying cases of otitis externa the PPSP System. In Proceedings of ESVD Workshop on Otitis St Helens; 2010.
- Yang C, Huang HP. Evidence-based veterinary dermatology: a review of published studies of treatments for Otodectes cynotis (ear mite) infestation in cats. Vet Dermatol. 2016;27(4):221-e56.https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12340
- Sharma D, Pakravan N, Pritchard JC, Hartmann FA, Young KM. Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a cat with severe chronic rhinosinusitis. Vet Clin Pathol. 2019;48(2):300-304.https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12749
- Guillot J, Bond R. Malassezia yeasts in veterinary dermatology: an updated overview. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10:79.https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00079
- Harada K, Arima S, Niina A, Kataoka Y, Takahashi T. Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dogs and cats in Japan: current status of antimicrobial resistance and prevailing resistance mechanisms. Microbiol Immunol. 2012;56(2):123-127.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00416.x
- LaBauve AE, Wargo MJ. Growth and laboratory maintenance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Curr Protoc Microbiol. 2012;25(1):6E-1.https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471729259.mc06e01s25
- AL-Taee HS, Al-Samarraae IA, AL-Ahmed HI. Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Bovine Mastitis. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2022;43(2):77-85.https://doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v43i2.536
- Mahmood AN. Isolation and identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa from infected sheep and detection of phosolipase C (lecithinase). Iraqi J Vet Med. 2015;39(1):28-32.https://doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v39i1.193
- Abdul Razzaq AH. Bacteriological and molecular study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from different clinical cases in Erbil and Kurkuk. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2018;41(2):124-130.https://doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v41i2.61
- Kamble A, Sawant S, Singh H. 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based metagenomics: A review. Biomed Res J. 2020;7(1):5.https://doi.org/10.4103/BMRJ.BMRJ_4_20
- Poussier S, Vandewalle P, Luisetti J. Genetic diversity of African and worldwide strains of Ralstonia solanacearum as determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the hrp gene region. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999;65(5):2184-2194.https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.5.2184-2194.1999
- Hugenholtz P, Pace NR. Identifying microbial diversity in the natural environment: a molecular phylogenetic approach. Trends Biotechnol. 1996;14(6):190-197.https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7799(96)10025-1
- Woo PC, Lau SK, Teng JL, Tse H, Yuen KY. Then and now: use of 16S rDNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification and discovery of novel bacteria in clinical microbiology laboratories. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008;14(10):908-934.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02070.x
- Amoon RH, Abdallha AH, Sharif AO, Moglad EH, Altyb HN, Elzaki SG, Salih MA. Molecular characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Sudanese patients. F1000Research. 2018;7(1135):1135.https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15316.1
- Perego R, Proverbio D, Bagnagatti De Giorgi G, Della Pepa A, Spada E. Prevalence of otitis externa in stray cats in northern Italy. J Feline Med Surg. 2014;16(6):483-490.https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X13512119
- Dolieslager SMJ. Studies on the aetiopathogenesis of feline chronic gingivostomatitis. [Doctoral dissertation, University of Glasgow]. 2013. Available from:https://eleanor.lib.gla.ac.uk/record=b2968134.
- 23. Płoneczka-Janeczko K, Bania J, Bierowiec K, Kiełbowicz M, Kiełbowicz Z. Bacterial diversity in feline conjunctiva based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis: a pilot study. BioMed Res Int. 2017.https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3710404