Document Type : Al-Qadisiyah Conference 2025
Author
Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Wasit, Al Kut City, Iraq
Abstract
Aspects of animal health are put at risk from feed, contaminated with pesticides, water, milk, meat, eggs and their residues. Many of these residues, particularly on farms, are difficult to eliminate. Fungi able to grow in extreme conditions of heat, salinity, and extreme pH, termed extremophilic, have garnered much research interest due to their unusual enzymes and probable resilience to acute environmental change and consequent of swift and thorough biodegradation. This retrospective study examined both historical and recent literature concerning contaminated animal products and the biodegradation potential of extremophilic fungi. Numerous databases, as well as other less conventional, both grey and published, literature were searched to find publications that specialized on animal exposure to pesticides and products residues, as well as extreme fungi degrading animal residues. Priority was given to thermophilic, halophilic and alkaliphilic taxa. Extracted metrics were concerning types of pesticides, environmental conditions, enzymes, classes, degradation results, and outcomes. Historical Exposed historical records portray cross-regional and cross-temporal animal exposure. Early periods were characterized by dominance of organochlorine and organophosphate, while latter periods were characterized by dominance of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Pesticide residue concentrations within animal products have been declining, yet ever-present. Organochlorines and organophosphate residues have shown the highest concentration, and measurable concentration of residue products still persist within animal products. Extremally of heath, salinity and ph, active, dominant, and consistently fusible extremophilic fungi possessing laccase, peroxidase, and cytochrome P450 systems loose fossilized imprints engaged in the degradation of complex and diverse classes of pesticides.
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