Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences

Turmeric extract ointment for treatment of open wound

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences

10.29079/qjvms.2022.179327

Abstract

Objective: The study was designed to investigate the effects of topical application of turmeric extract ointment in treatment of open wounds. Methods: Thirty male adult mice weighing approximately (50 gm), and aged between (60-70 days) were utilized and randomly divided into two equal groups (n15), G1(control), and G2 (turmeric) groups. Two open parallel (vertical or horizontal) circular full-thickness (0.5 cm in diameter) skin incision on the back of the animals were made by using punch machine. One incision was treated and the other was left as control in the same animal. Wounds of G1 were left without treatment. Left wounds of G2 were treated with a topical application of 20% turmeric extract ointment, in a dose of 200mg/cm2 once a day for 7 successive days. Assessment of the wound healing was done grossly and microscopically. Specimens were taken for the two groups after 7, 14 and 21 days PW for histopathological evaluation of the healing process. Results: Macroscopic results were shown significant P < 0.05 decreased of the size of wound in treated group in compare with control group and control wounds of the same animal at 7, and 14 days, while the readings become near each other at 21 days. Microscopic results of G1 show, thin early re-epithelialization of epidermal layers, hyperkeratosis, and presence of acantholysis due to inflammation. In the dermis there was newly formed blood vessels and infiltration of inflammatory cells, and vacuolization at the dermoepidermal junction at 7 day. At 14 days there was thin irregularly arranged re-epithelialized epidermis layers, with hyperkeratosis of stratum corneum, and a gap or acantholysis between epidermis and dermis later. The infiltrations of inflammatory cells and congested blood vessels were evident in the dermis. Also there was accumulation of the fibroblasts, and evenly arranged of thick collagen fibers in the dermis beneath the wound site. Microscopically G2;at 7 day PW, exhibit completely regenerated thick epidermis, severe infiltration of PMNCs and numerous multi-oriented new blood vessels, along with additional new collagen fibers. At 14 days PW well thickening of epidermis were seen upon deep area of granulation tissue. The field showed less cellular and more collagen, palely of hair follicles, swollen sebaceous glands, and the duct of sweat glands can be notified. Whereas at 21 days PW, well organized four layers of epidermis including a thick layer of keratin were seen in the skin wounds. The superficial dermis (SD) and the deep dermis (DD) are less cellular, contain more mature collagen fibers, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat gland. Conclusions: The treatments of open skin wounds with turmeric extract ointment 20%, were seen improve the healing process and accelerate the proliferation, wound contraction, maturation and remodeling phases of wound healing.

 

Keywords

References
  1. Kolarsick PA, Kolarsick MA, Goodwin C. Anatomy and physiology of the skin. J Dermatol Nurses Assoc. 2011;3(4):203-13.https://doi.org/10.1097/JDN.0b013e3182274a98
  2. Atiyeh BS, Ioannovich J, Al-Amm CA, El-Musa KA. Management of acute and chronic open wounds: The importance of a moist environment in optimal wound healing. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2002;3(3):179-95.https://doi.org/10.2174/1389201023378283
  3. Rodero MP, Khosrotehrani K. Skin wound healing modulation by macrophage. J Inter Clin Exp Patho. 2010;3:643-53.
  4. Menke N, Ward K, Witten T, Bonchev D, Diegelmann R. Impaired wound healing. Clin Dermatol. 2007;25(1):19-25.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.12.005
  5. Enoch S, Leaper DJ. Basic science of wound healing. Surgery (Oxford). 2008;26(2):31-7.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2007.11.005
  6. Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ. Wound healing: Cellular mechanisms and pathological outcomes. Open Biol. 2020;10(9):200223.https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200223
  7. Gonzalez ACDO, Costa TF, Andrade ZDA, Medrado ARAP. Wound healing - A literature review. An Bras Dermatol. 2016;91(5):614-20.https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20164741
  8. Broughton GI, Janis JE, Attinger CE. The basic science of wound healing. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117(7S):12S-34S.https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000225430.42531.c2
  9. Broughton GI, Janis JE, Attinger CE. Wound healing: an overview. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117(7S):1e-S-32e-S.https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000222562.60260.f9
  10. Beldon P. Basic science of wound healing. Surgery (Oxford). 2010;28(9):409-12.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpsur.2010.05.007
  11. Li B, Wang J. Fibroblast and myofibroblasts in wound healing: force generation and measurement. J Tissue Viability. 2011;20(4):108-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtv.2009.11.004
  12. Janis JE, Harrison B. Wound healing: part I. Basic science. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133(2):199e-207e.https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000437224.02985.f9
  13. Goldberg SR, Diegelmann RF. Basic science of wound healing. In: Critical Limb Ischemia. Springer, Cham; 2017. p. 131-6.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31991-9_14
  14. Akbar MU, Rehman K, Zia KM, Qadir MI, Akash MSH, Ibrahim M. Critical review on curcumin as a therapeutic agent: From traditional herbal medicine to an ideal therapeutic agent. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr. 2018;28(1):47-57.https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2018020088
  15. Joe B, Vijaykumar M, Lokesh BR. Biological properties of curcumin - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2004;44(2):97-111.https://doi.org/10.1080/10408690490424702
  16. Aggarwal BB, Sung B. Pharmacological basis for the role of curcumin in chronic diseases: an age-old spice with modern targets. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2009;30(2):85-94.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2008.11.002
  17. Agrawal S, Goel RK. Curcumin and its protective and therapeutic uses. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol. 2016;6(1):1-4.https://doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2016.6.3005201596
  18. Fadus MC, Lau C, Bikhchandani J, Lynch HT. Curcumin: an age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent. J Tradit Complement Med. 2017;7(3):339-46.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.08.002
  19. Noorafshan A, Ashkani-Esfahani S. A review of therapeutic effects of curcumin. Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(11):2032-46.https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319110006
  20. Urosevic M, Nikolic L, Gajic I, Nikolic V, Dinic A, Miljkovic V. Curcumin: Biological activities and modern pharmaceutical forms. Antibiotics (Basel). 2022;11(2):135.https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020135
  21. Akbik D, Ghadiri M, Chrzanowski W, Rohanizadeh R. Curcumin as a wound healing agent. Life Sci. 2014;116(1):1-7.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2014.08.016
  22. Prasad R, Kumar D, Kant V, Tandan SK, Kumar D. Curcumin enhanced cutaneous wound healing by modulating cytokines and transforming growth factor in excision wound model in rats. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6:2263-73.https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.266
  23. Yen YH, Pu CM, Liu CW, Chen YC, Chen YC, Liang CJ, et al. Curcumin accelerates cutaneous wound healing via multiple biological actions: the involvement of TNF‐α, MMP‐9, α‐SMA, and collagen. Int Wound J. 2018;15(4):605-17.https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12904
  24. Masson-Meyers DS, Andrade TAM, Caetano GF, Guimaraes FR, Leite MN, Saulo NL, et al. Experimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessment. Int J Exp Path. 2020;00:1-17.https://doi.org/10.1111/iep.12346
  25. Durgaprasad S, Reetesh R, Hareesh K, Rajput R. Effect of a topical curcumin preparation (BIOCURCUMAX) on burn wound healing in rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2011;8(23):1-3.
  26. Kim J, Park S, Jeon BS, Jang WS, Lee SJ, Son Y, et al. Therapeutic effect of topical application of curcumin during treatment of radiation burns in a mini-pig model. J Vet Sci. 2016;17(4):435-44.https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2016.17.4.435
  27. Prasad R, Kumar D, Kant V, Tandan SK, Kumar D. Curcumin enhanced cutaneous wound healing by modulating cytokines and transforming growth factor in excision wound model in rats. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2017;6:2263-73.https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.266
  28. Patil SS, Bhasarkar S, Rathod VK. Extraction of curcuminoids from Curcuma longa: comparative study between batch extraction and novel three-phase partitioning. Prep Biochem Biotechnol. 2019;49(4):407-18.https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2019.1575859
  29. Chhetri HP, Yogol NS, Sherchan J, Anupa KC, Mansoor S, Thapa P. Formulation and evaluation of antimicrobial herbal ointment. Kathmandu Univ J Sci Eng Technol. 2010;6(1):102-7.https://doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v6i1.3317
  30. Sharma S, Singh SP. Dermatological preparations, formulation, and evaluation of various semi-solid dosage forms. Asian J Pharm Res Dev. 2014;10-25.
  31. Marriott JF, Wilson KA, Langley CA, Belcher D. Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing. 2nd ed. Pharmaceutical Press; 2010. p. 163.
  32. Lane ME. Ointments, pastes, gels, cutaneous patches, and topical sprays. In: Taylor KM, Aulton ME, editors. Aulton's Pharmaceutics E-Book: The Design and Manufacture of Medicines. 6th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2022. p. 453-62.
  33. d'Acampora AJ, Vieira DS, Silva MT, Farias DC, Tramonte R. Morphological analysis of three wound-cleaning processes on potentially contaminated wounds in rats. Acta Cir Bras. 2006;21:332-40.https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-86502006000500011
  34. Sardari K, Dehgan MM, Mohri M, Emami MR, Mirshahi A, Maleki M, et al. Macroscopic aspects of wound healing (contraction and epithelialization) after topical administration of allicin in dogs. Comp Clin Pathol. 2006;15(4):231-5.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-006-0634-2
  35. Patil MV, Kandhare AD, Bhise SD. Pharmacological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Daucus carota Linn root formulated cream on wound healing using excision and incision wound model. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012;2(2):S646-55.https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60290-1
  36. Weinberg SL, Abramowitz SK. Statistics using SPSS: An integrative approach. Cambridge University Press; 2008.
  37. Luna IG. Manual of Histology Staining Methods of the Armed Forces Institute & Pathology. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill; 1968. p. 34-215.
  38. Estevao LD, Vieira P, Leite AGB, Bulhoes AV, Barcelos LS, Neto J. Morphological evaluation of wound healing events in the excisional wound healing model in rats. Bio-protocol. 2019;9(13):e3285.https://doi.org/10.21769/BioProtoc.3285
  39. Gal P, Kilik R, Mokry M, et al. Simple method of open skin wound healing model in corticosteroid-treated and diabetic rats: standardization of semi-quantitative and quantitative histological assessments. Vet Med (Praha). 2008;53:652-9.https://doi.org/10.17221/1973-VETMED
  40. Dancáková L, Vasilenko T, Kováč I, Jakubčová K, Hollý M, Revajová V, et al. Low-level laser therapy with 810 nm wavelength improves skin wound healing in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Photomed Laser Surg. 2014;32(4):198-204.https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2013.3586
  41. Gupta A, Kumar P. Assessment of the histological state of the healing wound. Plast Aesthet Res. 2015;2:239-42.https://doi.org/10.4103/2347-9264.158862
  42. Lordani TV, de Lara CE, Ferreira FBP, de Souza Terron Monich M, Mesquita da Silva C, Felicetti Lordani CR, et al. Therapeutic effects of medicinal plants on cutaneous wound healing in humans: a systematic review. Mediators Inflamm. 2018;2018:7354250.https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7354250
  43. Maver T, Maver U, Stana Kleinschek K, Smrke DM, Kreft S. A review of herbal medicines in wound healing. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54(7):740-51.https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.12766
  44. Kulac M, Aktas C, Tulubas F, Uygur R, Kanter M, Erboga M, et al. The effects of topical treatment with curcumin on burn wound healing in rats. J Mol Histol. 2013;44(1):83-90.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-012-9452-9
  45. Panchatcharam M, Miriyala S, Gayathri VS, Suguna L. Curcumin improves wound healing by modulating collagen and decreasing reactive oxygen species. Mol Cell Biochem. 2006;290(1-2):87-96.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-006-9170-2
  46. Sahu T, Patel T, Sahu S, Gidwani B. Skin cream as topical drug delivery system: a review. J Pharm Biol Sci. 2016;4(5):149.
  47. Sunnetha BV, Chiranjeevi S, Jayanthi V, Akanksha NN, Sravani PKR, Raju S. Formulation and evaluation of Aloe Vera herbal ointment [anti-inflammatory & anti-oxidant activity]. World J Pharm Res. 2019;8:688-99.
  48. Chauhan L, Gupta S. Creams: a review on classification, preparation methods, evaluation and its applications. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2020;10(5-s):281-9.https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i5-s.4430
  49. Mohanty C, Sahoo SK. Curcumin and its topical formulations for wound healing applications. Drug Discov Today. 2017;22(10):1582-92.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2017.07.001
  50. Patel NA, Patel NJ, Patel RP. Formulation and evaluation of curcumin gel for topical application. Pharm Dev Technol. 2009;14(1):83-92.https://doi.org/10.1080/10837450802409438
  51. Kant V, Gopal A, Kumar D, Pathak NN, Ram M, Jangir BL, et al. Curcumin-induced angiogenesis hastens wound healing in diabetic rats. J Surg Res. 2015;193(2):978-88.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2014.10.019
  52. Partoazar A, Kianvash N, Darvishi MH, Nasoohi S, Rezayat SM, Bahador A. Ethosomal curcumin promoted wound healing and reduced bacterial flora in second-degree burn in rat. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2016;66(12):660-5.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-114034
  53. Berbudi A, Fadlillah AA, Afni M, Atik N. Effect of Curcuma longa crude extract, curcumin, and nano curcumin-based gel topical administration on excised skin wound healing in Swiss-Webster mice. Biomed Pharmacother J. 2021;14(2):635-41.https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2165
  54. Gupta SC, Patchva S, Koh W, Aggarwal BB. Discovery of curcumin, a component of golden spice, and its miraculous biological activities. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;39:283-99.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05648.x
Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences
Volume 21, Issue 2
June 2022
Pages 128-139
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics